Link: Surgical Repair of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia After Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannulation: Early Repair Improves Survival.

Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31425289

Ann Surg. 2019 Aug 13. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003386. [Epub ahead of print]
Surgical Repair of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia After Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannulation: Early Repair Improves Survival.
Dao DT1,2, Burgos CM3, Harting MT4, Lally KP4, Lally PA4, Nguyen HT5, Wilson JM4, Buchmiller TL1.
Author information
1
Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
2
Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
3
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
4
Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School at UT Health and Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX.
5
Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
To determine the optimal timing of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) repair after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cannulation SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA:: The timing of CDH repair after ECMO cannulation remains a controversial topic due to studies with low power or strong selection bias.

METHODS:
This is a 2-aim retrospective cohort study based on the CDH Study Group registry for the period of 2007-2017. Aim 1-Compare On versus After ECMO repair. Aim 2-Compare Early versus Late repair on ECMO. In order to minimize selection bias and account for non-repairs, subjects in each aim were stratified into study groups based on their treatment center's characteristics. In each aim, the study groups were matched based on propensity score (PS). The main outcomes included mortality rate and incidence of non-repair.

RESULTS:
In aim 1, 136 patients remained in each group after PS matching. Compared to the After ECMO group, patients in the On ECMO group demonstrated a lower mortality rate, hazard ratio (HR) 0.54 (0.38, 0.77) (P < 0.001), and lower incidence of non-repair, 5.9% versus 33.8% (P < 0.001). In aim 2, 77 patients remained in each group after PS matching. Compared to the Late group, Early repair of CDH on ECMO was associated with a lower mortality rate, HR 0.51 (0.33, 0.77) (P = 0.002), and lower incidence of non-repair, 9.1% versus 44.2% (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
The approach of early repair after ECMO cannulation is associated with improved survival compared to delayed surgical correction.

PMID: 31425289 DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003386